./mtr  --mem TBR-1565

...

CREATE TABLE B (

pk INTEGER AUTO_INCREMENT,

col_int_key INTEGER,

col_varchar_key VARCHAR(1),

o BIT, n BIT,

h FLOAT AS ( n + 2 ) VIRTUAL,

v BIT,

PRIMARY KEY (pk),

KEY (col_varchar_key, col_int_key)

)  ENGINE = InnoDB;

SET `system_versioning_alter_history`= KEEP ;

ALTER TABLE `B` ADD SYSTEM VERSIONING ;

ALTER        TABLE `B` ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS ( w BIT, v SERIAL ) ;

Warnings:

Note    1060    Duplicate column name 'v'

ALTER        TABLE `B` ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS ( p BIT ) ;

ERROR HY000: Lost connection to server during query

DROP TABLE `B`;

ERROR HY000: Server has gone away

...

mariadbd: /data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc:529: bool dict_table_t::instant_column(const dict_table_t&, const ulint*): Assertion `o->ind == vers_start' failed.

...

(rr) bt

#0  __GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c:50

#1  0x00007f96cc83e859 in __GI_abort () at abort.c:79

#2  0x00007f96cc83e729 in __assert_fail_base (fmt=0x7f96cc9d4588 "%s%s%s:%u: %s%sAssertion `%s' failed.\n%n", assertion=0x55940fe144c0 "o->ind == vers_start", 

    file=0x55940fe12900 "/data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc", line=529, function=<optimized out>) at assert.c:92

#3  0x00007f96cc84ff36 in __GI___assert_fail (assertion=0x55940fe144c0 "o->ind == vers_start", file=0x55940fe12900 "/data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc", line=529, 

    function=0x55940fe14000 "bool dict_table_t::instant_column(const dict_table_t&, const ulint*)") at assert.c:101

#4  0x000055940ea1d36f in dict_table_t::instant_column (this=0x618000067908, table=..., col_map=0x61d0002dd6c0) at /data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc:529

#5  0x000055940ea25067 in ha_innobase_inplace_ctx::instant_column (this=0x6290000fd610) at /data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc:1177

#6  0x000055940e9d9925 in innobase_instant_try (ha_alter_info=0x7f96c07b2b00, ctx=0x6290000fd610, altered_table=0x7f96c07b3200, table=0x6190000d8e98, trx=0x7f96c8a83e40)

    at /data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc:5739

#7  0x000055940ea2f0fb in commit_try_norebuild (ha_alter_info=0x7f96c07b2b00, ctx=0x6290000fd610, altered_table=0x7f96c07b3200, old_table=0x6190000d8e98, trx=0x7f96c8a83e40, table_name=0x61b00003b05d "B")

    at /data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc:10474

#8  0x000055940ea074f7 in ha_innobase::commit_inplace_alter_table (this=0x61d0002d64b8, altered_table=0x7f96c07b3200, ha_alter_info=0x7f96c07b2b00, commit=true)

    at /data/Server/10.8G/storage/innobase/handler/handler0alter.cc:11222

#9  0x000055940e0b50aa in handler::ha_commit_inplace_alter_table (this=0x61d0002d64b8, altered_table=0x7f96c07b3200, ha_alter_info=0x7f96c07b2b00, commit=true) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/handler.cc:5219

#10 0x000055940db128d8 in mysql_inplace_alter_table (thd=0x62b00016c218, table_list=0x6290000fa390, table=0x6190000d8e98, altered_table=0x7f96c07b3200, ha_alter_info=0x7f96c07b2b00, target_mdl_request=0x7f96c07b2c00, 

    ddl_log_state=0x7f96c07b2920, trigger_param=0x7f96c07b3640, alter_ctx=0x7f96c07b40a0, partial_alter=@0x7f96c07b2690: false, start_alter_id=@0x7f96c07b26c0: 0, if_exists=false) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_table.cc:7733

#11 0x000055940db27832 in mysql_alter_table (thd=0x62b00016c218, new_db=0x62b000170cc0, new_name=0x62b0001710d8, create_info=0x7f96c07b5550, table_list=0x6290000fa390, alter_info=0x7f96c07b5420, order_num=0, order=0x0, 

    ignore=false, if_exists=false) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_table.cc:10701

#12 0x000055940dcb782c in Sql_cmd_alter_table::execute (this=0x6290000fabb0, thd=0x62b00016c218) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_alter.cc:547

#13 0x000055940d87df76 in mysql_execute_command (thd=0x62b00016c218, is_called_from_prepared_stmt=false) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_parse.cc:5988

#14 0x000055940d88a397 in mysql_parse (thd=0x62b00016c218, rawbuf=0x6290000fa238 "ALTER        TABLE `B` ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS ( p BIT )", length=57, parser_state=0x7f96c07b6a20) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_parse.cc:8027

#15 0x000055940d8627e9 in dispatch_command (command=COM_QUERY, thd=0x62b00016c218, packet=0x62900026c219 "ALTER        TABLE `B` ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS ( p BIT ) ", packet_length=58, blocking=true)

    at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_parse.cc:1894

#16 0x000055940d85fc30 in do_command (thd=0x62b00016c218, blocking=true) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_parse.cc:1407

#17 0x000055940dc9d5e5 in do_handle_one_connection (connect=0x608000002a38, put_in_cache=true) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_connect.cc:1418

#18 0x000055940dc9ce71 in handle_one_connection (arg=0x6080000029b8) at /data/Server/10.8G/sql/sql_connect.cc:1312

#19 0x00007f96ccd68609 in start_thread (arg=<optimized out>) at pthread_create.c:477

#20 0x00007f96cc93b293 in clone () at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/clone.S:95

(rr)

In case I use the storage engine 'Aria' than the test passes.

commit 155019b96b9c98228ddbe87ef0c82c24cda3f474 (HEAD, origin/10.8)