I'm not sure what you were trying to reproduce by running MTR tests, they pass in the buildbot as well, you can see it by the links that you pasted:
==============================================================================
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TEST RESULT TIME (ms) or COMMENT
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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worker[1] Using MTR_BUILD_THREAD 300, with reserved ports 16000..16019
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galera.galera_sst_rsync 'innodb,release' [ pass ] 30769
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galera.galera_sst_rsync2 'innodb,release' [ pass ] 30858
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galera.galera_sst_rsync_data_dir 'innodb,release' [ pass ] 30768
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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The servers were restarted 2 times
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Spent 92.395 of 138 seconds executing testcases
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Completed: All 3 tests were successful.
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Consequently, if you are quoting MTR logs for something that didn't shut down, it is irrelevant, MTR will kill the servers at the end anyway.
The problems are unrelated to MTR and start at the next stage, which is also clearly visible from the buildbot output, as every command is written there. The test attempts to start 3 nodes using mysqld_safe, and none of them starts. The server logs for these attempts are node1, node2, node3 (which also doesn't need to be guessed, it can be seen in the buildbot output), they are attached, but all of them are empty, from which one can conclude that the failure happens before the server is able to write anything in the log.
Further debugging is primitive, as mysqld_safe is just a shell script. You create the configs the same way the test creates them, run mysqld_safe the same way the test does, observe the same silent exit, debug.
If you did that, you would find out that mysqld_safe fails during WSREP recovery stage, before it actually starts the server (which is why server error logs remain empty). And this WSREP logic disables all the output in the process, which is why you don't see anything meaningful in the output either.
Actual problem
The WSEP recovery problem boils down to this:
sudo rm -f /tmp/xx
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sudo touch /tmp/xx
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sudo chmod 600 /tmp/xx
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sudo chown <existing user> /tmp/xx
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sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /tmp/xx"
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That's what the logic does with some wr_logfile or alike.
On existing systems, it works all right. On Focal and Sid (apparently, on the newest kernels), the last line, the attempt to write into the file under sudo, fails with permission denied. At this point mysqld_safe bails out, nothing is started.
Please investigate further and fix as needed, as Focal goes GA next week, so our upcoming releases will have to build on it.
It seems that node_2 does not shutdown
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (initiated by: root[root] @ localhost [127.0.0.1]): Normal shutdown
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: Shutdown replication
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: Disconnect provider
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] [Debug] WSREP: server debian-sid-amd64 state change: synced -> disconnecting
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: Server status change synced -> disconnecting
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: wsrep_notify_cmd is not defined, skipping notification.
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: Closing send monitor...
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: Closed send monitor.
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: gcomm: terminating thread
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: gcomm: joining thread
2020-04-06 0:39:19 0 [Note] WSREP: gcomm: closing backend
2020-04-06 0:39:21 0 [Note] WSREP: (83340fb3-a9d2, 'tcp://0.0.0.0:16005') reconnecting to 72936f9e-9ff1 (tcp://127.0.0.1:16002), attempt 0
2020-04-06 0:39:24 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:25 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:25 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:26 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:26 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:27 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:27 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:28 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:28 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1
2020-04-06 0:39:29 0 [Note] WSREP: evs::proto(83340fb3-a9d2, LEAVING, view_id(REG,72936f9e-9ff1,8)) suspecting node: 72936f9e-9ff1