Unexpected failure with query using indirectly a recursive CTE twice

Yesterday I wanted to use an older query for reporting reasons. Every time I run the query there was an error message on the client:

/* SQL Error (2013): Lost connection to MySQL server during query */

I tried multiple servers (different versions of MariaDB) but nothing helped. Then I looked on the Windows 10 server event viewer and realized that the MariaDB server has crashed and was restarted every single time! (option on Windows after service crashed)
I can reproduce that problem after 1 or 2 seconds runtime of my query on all my DB-Versions (10.3.30, 10.4.20, 10.5.11, 10.6.3).

Then I tried older versions of MariaDB 10.6.3 (crashed) => 10.6.2 (OK) and MariaDB 10.5.11 (crashed) => 10.5.10 (OK), 10.5.5 (OK), 10.5.2 (OK).

My query has 700 lines and I tried to reduce, strip down and rename everything. I have attached an (hopefully!) working example. The problem is (recursive?) CTE related and my example has no other tables any longer.

Best,
Miriam