I am also having a similar issue.
I have two servers in an active-active replication configuration running 5.6. They had been online for about 45 days. Replication hung and I was unable to stop replication or shutdown the server. I ended up killing the process and on restart, the recovery failed with these same errors. This was not critical data for us so I decided I would re-sync from the master. I removed the dataset and prepared a backup with MariaDB Backup. To my surprise, when I tried to prepare the backup, I ran into the same issues after the crash. There seems to be something 5.6+ feels is corrupted with these datasets. I also upgraded to 5.8 on the restoration server, however the backup server is still 5.6.
My dataset is small compared to the OP, only 377GB.
mariabackup --prepare --target-dir=/datastore2/backup/
/datastore1/daemon/mysql/bin/mariabackup based on MariaDB server 10.5.8-MariaDB Linux (x86_64)
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 cd to /datastore2/backup/
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 This target seems to be not prepared yet.
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 mariabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 innodb_data_home_dir = .
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:50G:autoextend
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 innodb_log_group_home_dir = .
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
[00] 2020-11-16 18:26:12 mariabackup: Using 107374182400 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
2020-11-16 18:26:12 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2020-11-16 18:26:12 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2020-11-16 18:26:12 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2020-11-16 18:26:12 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
/datastore1/daemon/mysql/bin/mariabackup: O_TMPFILE is not supported on /tmp (disabling future attempts)
2020-11-16 18:26:12 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 107374182400, chunk size = 107374182400
2020-11-16 18:26:15 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2020-11-16 18:26:15 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting crash recovery from checkpoint LSN=8678346070289,8678346070289
2020-11-16 18:26:20 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting final batch to recover 114168 pages from redo log.
2020-11-16 18:26:20 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Not applying INSERT_REUSE_REDUNDANT due to corruption on [page id: space=0, page number=5263]
2020-11-16 18:26:20 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Set innodb_force_recovery=1 to ignore corruption.
2020-11-16 18:26:20 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Not applying INSERT_REUSE_REDUNDANT due to corruption on [page id: space=0, page number=51008]
2020-11-16 18:26:20 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Set innodb_force_recovery=1 to ignore corruption.
2020-11-16 18:26:20 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Not applying INSERT_REUSE_REDUNDANT due to corruption on [page id: space=0, page number=51008]
2020-11-16 18:26:20 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Set innodb_force_recovery=1 to ignore corruption.
2020-11-16 18:26:22 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Plugin initialization aborted with error Data structure corruption
[00] FATAL ERROR: 2020-11-16 18:26:22 mariabackup: innodb_init() returned 39 (Data structure corruption).
The segment where these errors actually occur, there's no additional info:
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [Note] InnoDB: apply 8678353152431: [page id: space=0, page number=9735]
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [Note] InnoDB: apply 8678347254254: [page id: space=0, page number=29824]
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Not applying INSERT_REUSE_REDUNDANT due to corruption on [page id: space=0, page number=8763]
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [Note] InnoDB: apply 8678349440356: [page id: space=0, page number=9729]
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Set innodb_force_recovery=1 to ignore corruption.
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [Note] InnoDB: apply 8678354972951: [page id: space=0, page number=9766]
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [Note] InnoDB: apply 8678346642997: [page id: space=0, page number=8763]
2020-11-16 18:04:51 0 [Note] InnoDB: apply 8678353152924: [page id: space=0, page number=9735]
One important detail, database is using NFS as the data mount point.