I haven´t altered the tables. Here the create statement:
CREATE TABLE `adressen` (
`NUMMER` smallint(6) NOT NULL,
`VORNAME` varchar(40) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`ZUNAME` varchar(40) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
`VOLLMACHT` varchar(40) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`STRASSE` varchar(35) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`PLZ` varchar(7) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`ORT` varchar(25) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`BANK` varchar(30) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Land',
`TELEFON` varchar(60) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`EMAIL` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`UID` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`USER` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
`TS` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`NUMMER`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
So, they were utf8_bin? And you've altered the table and removed utf8_bin? jpg is "before" and pdf is "after"? Did that help?
If did not, please provide "show create table adressen" result, so I could test what is wrong with the table.
Otherwise I am closing the issue.