Autonomous transactions

Add support for autonomous blocks in stored routines.

This would allow a stored routine marked with autonomous_transaction to commit
and rollback it's own work, independent of the work of the caller.

Oracle defines this as "PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION":
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/appdev.102/b14261/autonotransaction_pragma.htm

This pragma can be applied to:

• Top-level (not nested) anonymous PL/SQL blocks
• Local, standalone, and packaged functions and procedures
• Methods of a SQL object type
• Database triggers

For the moment a workaround is to use the Aria storage engine for tables that should be persistent against ROLLBACK. Aria tables are never rollbacked
(except if the server crashes in the middle of a query).

The suggested implementation is to run the autonomous routine with it's own THD (== user), like it would be a new independent connection.

An example of an Oracle stored function using AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION:

DROP TABLE employees;

DROP FUNCTION raise_salary;

CREATE TABLE employees (   

  employee_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

  salary INT NOT NULL

);

INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 100);

CREATE FUNCTION raise_salary

                (emp_id NUMBER,

                 sal_raise NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER

IS

  PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION;

  new_sal NUMBER(8,2);

BEGIN

  UPDATE employees

    SET salary= salary + sal_raise

    WHERE employee_id = emp_id;   

  COMMIT;

  SELECT salary INTO new_sal FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;

  RETURN new_sal;

END raise_salary;

/

SELECT raise_salary(1, 10) FROM DUAL;

RAISE_SALARY(1,10)

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