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Documentation https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/documentation/optimization-and-tuning/system-variables/server-system-variables/#old says that old variable is global and non-dynamic; in fact, it's can be set on a session level at runtime (at least in 5.5 and above, I didn't check earlier versions):
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
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Your MariaDB connection id is 1
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Server version: 5.5.40-MariaDB-debug Source distribution
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Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
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Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
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MariaDB [test]> set old = 1;
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Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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