See also bug #1007622 (similar test case, might be the same problem)

Version: '5.3.8-MariaDB-debug-log'
mysqld: sql_base.cc:8694: bool fill_record(THD*, List<Item>&, List<Item>&, bool): Assertion `vcol_table == 0 || vcol_table == table' failed.

#8 0xb74fa014 in __assert_fail () from /lib/libc.so.6
#9 0x0833fded in fill_record (thd=0x93ee740, fields=..., values=...,
ignore_errors=false) at sql_base.cc:8694
#10 0x0833ff38 in fill_record_n_invoke_before_triggers (thd=0x93ee740, fields=...,
values=..., ignore_errors=false, triggers=0x0, event=TRG_EVENT_INSERT)
at sql_base.cc:8745
#11 0x0838b6be in mysql_insert (thd=0x93ee740, table_list=0x948d778, fields=...,
values_list=..., update_fields=..., update_values=..., duplic=DUP_ERROR,
ignore=false) at sql_insert.cc:808
#12 0x082e66b6 in mysql_execute_command (thd=0x93ee740) at sql_parse.cc:3233
#13 0x082eef92 in mysql_parse (thd=0x93ee740,
rawbuf=0x948d6b8 "INSERT INTO v2 (f1, f2) VALUES (1, 2)", length=37,
found_semicolon=0xae973234) at sql_parse.cc:6153
#14 0x082e1955 in dispatch_command (command=COM_QUERY, thd=0x93ee740,
packet=0x9446331 "INSERT INTO v2 (f1, f2) VALUES (1, 2)", packet_length=37)
at sql_parse.cc:1228
#15 0x082e0dff in do_command (thd=0x93ee740) at sql_parse.cc:923
#16 0x082ddcf5 in handle_one_connection (arg=0x93ee740) at sql_connect.cc:1218
#17 0xb7788b25 in start_thread () from /lib/libpthread.so.0

bzr version-info
revision-id: <email address hidden>
date: 2012-06-01 14:56:47 +0200
revno: 3536

Also reproducible on maria-5.5 revno 3425.
Could not reproduce on maria-5.2, mysql-5.5, mysql-trunk.
Reproducible with default optimizer_switch as well as with all OFF values.
Reproducible with MyISAM, Aria, InnoDB.

Test case:

CREATE TABLE t1 (f1 INT, f2 INT);
CREATE ALGORITHM=MERGE VIEW v1 AS SELECT a1.f1, a2.f2 FROM t1 AS a1, t1 AS a2;
CREATE ALGORITHM=MERGE VIEW v2 AS SELECT * FROM v1;
INSERT INTO v2 (f1, f2) VALUES (1, 2);

1. End of test case

1. End of test case