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As per KB link https://mariadb.com/kb/en/upgrading-between-major-mariadb-versions/
One can upgrade from MariaDB 5.5 to the latest MariaDB version without any trouble. All older versions should work too (as long as the storage engines you were using are still around). But found direct upgrade will not take care of data dictionary mysql.user table structure.
Newly installed MariaDB servers 10.3.22 have following in mysql.user
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plugin` char(64) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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MariaDB servers direct upgrade from 5.2.12 to 10.3.22 (skipping 5.5.68 ) have a difference in mysql.user
`plugin` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Difference found mainly for Two columns while up-gradation from 5.2.X to 10.3.X while going through MariaDB 5.6.XX version.
Column name vary :-
plugin
auth_string
authentication_string
Considering authentication_string / auth_string
Fresh installation of 5.5.12 and 5.3.12
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 5.5.68
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MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Column name "auth_string" continue till upgrading MariaDB 10.3.XX.
While fresh Installation of 5.5.68
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| authentication_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 10.0.38
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| authentication_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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column name "authentication_string" continue till upgrading to MariaDB 10.3.XX
For Plugin column data type change from MariaDB 5.6.XX version .
MariaDB 5.2.12 (No changes for below columns)
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| plugin | char(60) | NO | | | |
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`plugin` char(60) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 5.3.12 (No changes for below columns)
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| plugin | char(60) | NO | | | |
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+-----------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`plugin` char(60) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 5.5.68 (plugin` char(64) taken care by mysql_upgrade)
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| plugin | char(64) | NO | | | |
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`plugin` char(64) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 10.0.38 (No changes for below columns)
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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| plugin | char(64) | NO | | | |
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`plugin` char(64) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 10.1.45 (No changes for below columns)
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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| plugin | char(64) | NO | | | |
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 10.2.32 (No changes for below columns)
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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| plugin | char(64) | NO | | | |
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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Upgrading to MariaDB 10.3.22 (No changes for below columns)
MariaDB [(none)]> desc mysql.user;
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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| plugin | char(64) | NO | | | |
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| auth_string | text | NO | | NULL | |
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+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
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MariaDB [(none)]> show create table mysql.user\G
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`plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
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`auth_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
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