MariaDB [tpch]> source Q4.sql +------+--------------+-------------+--------+-------------------------------------+--------------+---------+------+---------+------------+----------+------------+----------------------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | r_rows | filtered | r_filtered | Extra | +------+--------------+-------------+--------+-------------------------------------+--------------+---------+------+---------+------------+----------+------------+----------------------------------------------+ | 1 | PRIMARY | ORDERS | ALL | PRIMARY | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1492042 | 1500000.00 | 100.00 | 3.77 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | PRIMARY | | eq_ref | distinct_key | distinct_key | 8 | func | 1 | 0.92 | 100.00 | 100.00 | | | 2 | MATERIALIZED | LINEITEM | ALL | PRIMARY,IDX_LINEITEM_ORDERKEY_FKIDX | NULL | NULL | NULL | 5698532 | 6000281.00 | 100.00 | 63.20 | Using where | +------+--------------+-------------+--------+-------------------------------------+--------------+---------+------+---------+------------+----------+------------+----------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (3.704 sec) MariaDB [tpch]> notee