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  1. MariaDB Server
  2. MDEV-12288

Reset DB_TRX_ID when the history is removed, to speed up MVCC

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    • 10.3.1-2

    Description

      The InnoDB clustered index record system columns DB_TRX_ID,DB_ROLL_PTR are used by multi-versioning and for determining if a record is implicitly locked. After the history is no longer needed, these columns can safely be reset to 0 and 1<<55 (to indicate a fresh insert).

      When a reader sees 0 in the DB_TRX_ID column, it can instantly determine that the record is present the read view. There is no need to acquire the transaction system mutex to check if the transaction exists, because writes can never be conducted by a transaction whose ID is 0.

      The persistent InnoDB undo log is split into two parts: insert_undo and update_undo. The insert_undo log is discarded at transaction commit or rollback, and the update_undo log is processed by the purge subsystem. As part of this change, we must merge the two types of undo logs into one, and the purge subsystem will reset the DB_TRX_ID whenever a clustered index record is ‘touched’.

      Upgrade considerations

      This will change the persistent InnoDB file formats, not only in the undo log and redo log, but also in the data files. There are some debug assertions that would not allow any record to contain DB_TRX_ID=0.

      A new redo log format tag must be introduced so that the writes of the system columns can be properly redo-logged. (See MDEV-11432, MDEV-11782.) This will prevent a startup of an older version with the new-version redo logs. We may also prevent a crash recovery of MariaDB 10.2 files with the newer version. (Crash recovery of files from 10.1 or earlier versions is already prevented in 10.2.)

      The undo log format will be changed as well. To be able to get rid of legacy code, InnoDB startup should detect if any old-format undo logs are present. If yes, startup will be refused, and the user must perform a slow shutdown (SET GLOBAL innodb_fast_shutdown=0) with the old server in order to empty the undo logs.

      A proof-of-concept implementation for 10.2 consists of 4 consecutive commits. It is missing any of the above-mentioned upgrade logic.

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              marko Marko Mäkelä
              marko Marko Mäkelä
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